Voltage and Current Capacity of Cells

4.3 Voltage and Current Capacity of Cells

The e.m.f. of a cell depends on the materials of its electrodes and the electrolyte. On the other hand, the amount of current an electric cell can produce in a given span of time depends on the quality of electrodes and the electrolyte it is made of.

The table below shows the e.m.f. of some electric cells and the materials they are made of. 

Cell
e.m.f.
Positive Electrode
Negative Electrode
Electrolyte
1
Simple cell (Zinc-acid)
1.5
Copper
Zinc
Dilute sulphuric acid
2
Leclanché
1.5
Carbon
Zinc
Sal ammoniac
3
Mercury
1.35
Steel
Zinc
Potassium hydroxide
4
Silver oxide
1.5
Silver oxide
 Zinc
  potassium or sodium hydroxide
5
Zinc air
1.4
Oxygen gas
 Zinc
 potassium hydroxide
6
Lithium air
3.8
Oxygen gas
 Lithium
 Organic carbonate
7
Lead-acid
2.2
Lead dioxide
Lead
Dilute sulphuric acid
8
Nickel-cadmium
1.25
Cadmium
Nickel hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
9
Lithium ion
3.6
Lithium cobalt oxide
carbon
Lithium salt in organic solvent

1 comment:

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